Individual skill
vm-and-bytecode-reverse
Custom VM and bytecode reverse engineering playbook. Use when CTF challenges or protected software implement custom virtual machines with proprietary bytecode, dispatcher loops, or maze-style challenges.
skills/vm-and-bytecode-reverse/SKILL.md
Source commit 6fbf0bc8d5c71830d62543a308d8744606c43d7c
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- Last checked
- Nov 9, 2026
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- Repository last updated
- Sep 13, 2026
- License
- MIT
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- engineering Derived category
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# SKILL: VM & Bytecode Reverse Engineering — Expert Analysis Playbook
> **AI LOAD INSTRUCTION**: Expert techniques for reversing custom virtual machines and bytecode interpreters. Covers dispatcher identification, opcode mapping, custom ISA reconstruction, disassembler/decompiler writing, maze challenges, and real-world VM protector analysis. Base models often fail to recognize the fetch-decode-execute pattern or attempt to analyze VM bytecode as native code.
## 0. RELATED ROUTING
- [code-obfuscation-deobfuscation](../code-obfuscation-deobfuscation/SKILL.md) when the VM is a commercial protector (VMProtect/Themida)
- [symbolic-execution-tools](../symbolic-execution-tools/SKILL.md) when using angr to solve VM-based challenges
- [anti-debugging-techniques](../anti-debugging-techniques/SKILL.md) when the VM includes anti-debug checks
### Quick identification
| Binary Pattern | Likely VM Type | Start With |
|---|---|---|