Individual skill

analyzing-windows-registry-for-artifacts

Extract and analyze Windows Registry hives to uncover user activity, installed software, autostart entries, and evidence of system compromise.

internal/tools/skills/data/digital-forensics/analyzing-windows-registry-for-artifacts/SKILL.md

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# Analyzing Windows Registry for Artifacts

## When to Use
- When investigating user activity on a Windows system during an incident
- For identifying autorun/persistence mechanisms used by malware
- When tracing installed software, USB devices, and network connections
- During insider threat investigations to reconstruct user actions
- For correlating registry timestamps with other forensic artifacts

## Detection Gaps & Validation
- **ShimCache (AppCompatCache) proves presence, not execution, and lags.** Entries are written to the SYSTEM hive only at **shutdown**, so recent activity is missing until the next reboot, and an entry only means the binary was *seen* by the system. Pair it with Amcache/Prefetch for execution.
- **Dirty hives need transaction-log replay.** If you parse `SYSTEM`/`NTUSER.DAT` without applying `.LOG1/.LOG2`, RegRipper/python-registry may return stale or truncated data. Always collect and replay the logs (RECmd/EZ tools do this).
- **Last Write Time is per-key, not per-value.** A key timestamp tells you the most recent value change, not which value changed. Do not attribute a single value's age to the key timestamp.
- **UserAssist is ROT13-encoded** and counts focus/run from Explorer only; CLI-launched programs are absent. BAM/DAM (`bam\State\UserSettings\<SID>`) gives Win10+ last-run times worth checking separately.
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