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listitem

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Use when applies to HTML documents with `<li>` elements. Also applies to custom ARIA lists where `role='listitem'` must be owned by `role='list'`. Common violations occur in templating systems where list markup is split across components or in CSS resets where developers use `<li>` for layout without proper list parents.

skills/listitem/SKILL.md

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Last checked
Nov 9, 2026

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Repository last updated
Oct 31, 2026
License
MIT

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# Place list items within list containers

When a `<li>` element exists outside a list container, screen readers lose the ability to announce critical context: NVDA and JAWS will not say 'list of 5 items' or 'item 2 of 5' because there is no list context. VoiceOver may announce the orphan `<li>` as plain text without any group context, stripping users of the structural information that helps them understand how many items exist and where they are in the list.

## Quick Reference

- Every `<li>` element must have a direct parent of `<ul>`, `<ol>`, or `<menu>`
- Orphan `<li>` elements are invalid HTML per the HTML Living Standard
- Screen readers announce list type and item count (e.g., 'list, 3 items') only when `<li>` is inside a valid list container
- Similarly, `role='listitem'` must be owned by a `role='list'` element per WAI-ARIA requirements

## Check

Find all `<li>` elements in the DOM. For each, check that its direct parent element is `<ul>`, `<ol>`, or `<menu>`. Flag any `<li>` whose parent is `<div>`, `<section>`, `<nav>`, `<span>`, or any element other than those three. Also check `role='listitem'` elements to ensure their closest ancestor with a list-related role is `role='list'`.
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