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scanning-iac-and-images-with-trivy

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Scans container images, Infrastructure-as-Code (Terraform, CloudFormation, Kubernetes manifests, Dockerfile, Helm), filesystems, git repos, and SBOMs with Trivy's vuln, misconfig, secret, and license scanners. Use when building a CI/CD security gate that scans images before push, IaC before apply, or SBOMs for supply-chain weaknesses, and fails the build on policy violations.

skills/scanning-iac-and-images-with-trivy/SKILL.md

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Apache-2.0

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# Scanning IaC and Images with Trivy

## Overview

Trivy (by Aqua Security) is a comprehensive, open-source security scanner that finds vulnerabilities (CVEs), misconfigurations (IaC), secrets, software licenses, and software supply-chain weaknesses across a wide range of targets: container images, filesystems, Git repositories, virtual machine images, Kubernetes clusters, and SBOM documents. It is widely adopted as a "shift-left" gate in CI/CD pipelines because it is fast, runs as a single static binary, requires no agent, and supports machine-readable output formats (JSON, SARIF, CycloneDX, SPDX) for integration with code-scanning dashboards.

Trivy bundles four primary scanners that can be toggled with `--scanners`:

- **vuln** — OS package and language-dependency vulnerability detection (CVE matching against the Trivy vulnerability DB).
- **misconfig** — Infrastructure-as-Code and configuration misconfiguration detection (Terraform, CloudFormation, Kubernetes manifests, Dockerfile, Helm) using built-in and custom Rego policies.
- **secret** — Hard-coded secret/credential detection (API keys, tokens, private keys).
- **license** — Software license identification and policy enforcement.

This skill covers building a Trivy-based scanning workflow that gates a CI/CD pipeline: scanning images before push, scanning IaC before apply, generating and re-scanning SBOMs, and failing builds on policy violations. Detecting these weaknesses defends against the MITRE ATT&CK technique **T1525 (Implant Internal Image)**, where adversaries plant malicious or vulnerable images in a registry to be deployed across the environment.
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