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time-manipulation

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Time-based vulnerability patterns and safe usage for Solidity contracts. Use when implementing unlock schedules, cooldowns, auctions, or any time-dependent logic. Covers block.timestamp manipulation, epoch boundary attacks, and safe time patterns.

skills/time-manipulation/SKILL.md

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Oct 23, 2026
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# Time Manipulation

## block.timestamp Manipulation

Validators/miners have limited control over `block.timestamp`:
- Must be greater than parent block's timestamp
- Must be within ~15 seconds of real time (consensus rule)
- Post-merge: fixed 12-second slots, but validator chooses timestamp within bounds

```solidity
// Safe for: time ranges > 15 seconds
// Unsafe for: precise sub-minute timing, randomness

// VULNERABLE: exact-second conditions
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