Individual skill
jleo-identification
Use when the identification argument is the bottleneck for an empirical Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization (JLEO) manuscript — institutional/organizational causal designs (reforms, institutional variation, court/committee/case assignment, governance-form choice). Stress-tests the design to JLEO's institutional bar; it does not build the theory model (jleo-theory-model).
Journal-of-Law-Economics-and-Organization-Skills/skills/jleo-identification/SKILL.md
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# Identification Strategy (jleo-identification)
## When to trigger
- The causal claim rests on OLS + controls, or TWFE on staggered institutional reforms
- The unit chooses its own governance form (make-or-buy, integration, contract type) and the estimate confounds selection with effect
- The "treatment" is a court/committee/judge/case assignment whose as-good-as-random status is asserted but not shown
- A referee asks "what is the source of variation that identifies this institutional effect?"
- The design borrows institutional variation across countries/states/firms without ruling out the obvious confounds
## The JLEO identification bar
JLEO empirics live or die on whether the **institutional or organizational variation** that does the identifying is credible — because the object of interest is usually itself chosen by the agents (firms pick governance forms; legislatures pick rules; litigants select into courts). The credible-identification standards are the same as any top empirical economics journal, but the *threats* are institution-specific: endogenous boundaries, endogenous reform timing, selection into contract form, and strategic case selection. Name the variation, defend it, and never let the institutional story substitute for the design.
