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rl-post-training

Diagnostic guide for RL-based post-training of language models (GRPO, PPO, REINFORCE, DPO). Use proactively when debugging a training pipeline that shows no improvement, loss anomalies, reward stagnation, NaN gradients, or other unexpected behavior during reinforcement learning fine-tuning. Work through all pipeline stages — reward, advantages, log-probs, loss, generation/decoding — before concluding the diagnosis is complete; stopping after one or two fixes is a common failure mode. Covers log-probability math, advantage estimation, numerical stability, reward processing, and generation/decoding pipeline issues.

tasks/debug-trl-grpo/environment/skills/rl-post-training/SKILL.md

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# RL Post-Training — Concepts & Diagnostic Guide

## Core Concepts

RL post-training optimizes a language model's policy using reward signals. The standard pipeline:

```
prompt → generate completions → score with reward → compute advantages → policy gradient update
```

Each stage has distinct failure modes. When a model "shows no improvement," the bug could be anywhere in this pipeline.

## Diagnostic Methodology