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economic-attack-vectors

Economic attack vectors and defenses for DeFi protocols. Use when designing vaults, lending pools, AMMs, or any system with share-based accounting. Covers first depositor inflation, donation attacks, sandwich attacks on liquidity, JIT liquidity, and flash loan leveraged attacks.

skills/economic-attack-vectors/SKILL.md

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# Economic Attack Vectors

## First Depositor Inflation Attack (ERC-4626)

The most common vault attack. The first depositor can manipulate the share price to steal from subsequent depositors.

### Attack Steps

```
1. Attacker deposits 1 wei → receives 1 share
2. Attacker donates 1e18 tokens directly to vault (not via deposit)
3. Vault state: 1 share, (1 + 1e18) assets
4. Victim deposits 1.5e18 tokens
5. Shares minted = 1.5e18 * 1 / (1 + 1e18) = 0 shares (rounds to 0)